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A myth about the „potent cardiostimulating“ action of insect neuropeptides has been unfounded
 Sláma, Karel
Chemists and biochemists isolating or synthesizing insect neuropeptides used to create a myth about “potent cardiostimulating” properties of these peptides. The myth was motivated by a tendency to gain professional importance and scientific merit of their work. Crucial arguments in favour of the idea were obtained by simple, largely nonspecific, in vitro bioassays performed on isolated hearts of cockroaches in saline. These assays gave positive responses to a wide range of low molecular compounds as well as to most peptides tested. Our attempts to solve this problem started by development of new touch-free electrocardiographic methods for monitoring the heartbeat of unrestrained insects. Extensive in vivo recordings revealed that the tentatively “cardioactive” neuropeptides had no cardiostimulating activity under physiological conditions. Intimate similarities appeared between regulation of insect and human hearts. Accordingly, a cardioactive peptide does not exist in human medicine as well. Specific electrocardiographic methods were invented for testing new cardioactive pharmacological preparations on easily available insect material.
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Role of adipokinetic peptides in control of insect anti-stress reactions
 Kodrík, Dalibor
Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) control predominantly insect metabolism, but are involved also in a number of other activities. Recently, it was proven that AKHs participated also in the activation of antioxidant protection mechanisms: they increased a level of reduced glutathione and additionally, modulated the activity of catalase that reduces hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It has also been found that AKHs participated on antistress reaction elicited by insecticides and increased the lethal effect of the insecticides alone. The results show that AKHs provide an initiation of the complex antistress response that involves both biochemical and physiological protective mechanisms.
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